Journal

Volume 24, Issue 1 (March 31, 2023)

5 articles

• Learning Allomorphs and Their Mental Representations: An Investigation with Artificial Grammar Learning
  by Hyun Jin Hwangbo
  J. CS. 2023, 24(1), 1-42;
  Abstract This paper aims to answer the question whether there is any difference in learning allomorphs of a morpho-phonological pattern which differ in the likelihood of phonological processes. Broadly, there are two views on how the allomorphs are represented in the mental lexicon. The PHONOLOGY (P) view pr... [Read more].
  Abstract This paper aims to answer the question whether there is any difference in learning allomorphs of a morpho-phonological pattern which differ in the likelihood of phonological processes. Broadly, there are two views on how the allomorphs are represented in the mental lexicon. The PHONOLOGY (P) view prioritizes the phonological analysis of the allomorphs and posits a single underlying representation whereas the MORPHEME LISTING (ML) view memorizes all the allomorphs and lists multiple representations. To investigate the question, artificial grammar learning experiments were conducted which compared how well learners could learn allomorphy patterns that were more or less amenable to a phonological analysis under the P view. The P view predicts that there will be a difference in learning the allomorphs, whereas the ML view predicts that there will be no difference in learning because listing the morphemes are the same in each grammar. The results of the series of experiments conducted consistently reject the view that speakers just memorize which allomorphs are used in which phonological environments. A more careful examination of the results points to a more complex interplay between phonological and morphological learning. [Collapse]
• MACVTL: Improving Efficiency of Mood Analysis from Text & Facial Cues Using Cross Validation and Transfer Learning
  by Roopal Mamtora and Lata Ragha
  J. CS. 2023, 24(1), 43-80;
  Abstract Accurate analysis of a person’s mood can assist medical psychiatry personnel to assist and improve personal well-being. In order to determine a person’s mood a wide variety of inputs can be used, these inputs include but are not limited to, the person’s social media patterns, facial patterns, ecomme... [Read more].
  Abstract Accurate analysis of a person’s mood can assist medical psychiatry personnel to assist and improve personal well-being. In order to determine a person’s mood a wide variety of inputs can be used, these inputs include but are not limited to, the person’s social media patterns, facial patterns, ecommerce buying patterns, etc. Analysis of these patterns individually can assist in development of a moderate accuracy psycho-analysis system. Thus, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of mood analysis, this text proposes a deep learning model based on transfer learning, that combines training information from social media activity, and visual actions in order to analyze the person’s state-of-mind. The proposed model is compared with individual algorithms that detect person’s mood, and an accuracy improvement of 12% was achieved. The model is also compared with similar hybrid algorithms that combine multiple psychiatric ques, and it is observed that the proposed model is 8% more effective than these systems due to incorporation of cross validation and transfer learning. [Collapse]
• Locative Inversion and Passivization in Xitsonga
  by Michael Jonathan Mathew Barrie, Seunghun Lee and Crous Hlungwane
  J. CS. 2023, 24(1), 81-102;
  Abstract We describe and analyze a novel pattern of locative inversion, passivization, and object clitics in Xitsonga, a Bantu language of South Africa. We note that, unlike in most Bantu languages, locative inversion can take place with intransitives, transitives with active voice, and transitives with pass... [Read more].
  Abstract We describe and analyze a novel pattern of locative inversion, passivization, and object clitics in Xitsonga, a Bantu language of South Africa. We note that, unlike in most Bantu languages, locative inversion can take place with intransitives, transitives with active voice, and transitives with passive voice. While subject marking is obligatory, object marking is optional and indicates emphasis, although the semantic details are unclear. An interesting pattern emerges with locative inversion. Object marking is possible only with passive voice. We present an analysis in which the subject and object markers are clitics that are inserted post-syntactically. The subject clitic is triggered by agreement between T and the grammatical subject. The object clitic is triggered by theta assignment by V (which raises to Asp) to the thematic object. In locative inversion, the external argument remains in situ and serves as an intervenor between V (housed on Asp) and the object. In the passive, the external argument is suppressed or appears in a by-phrase, and the object can trigger the appearance of the object clitic on Asp. [Collapse]
• A Study on Five Cognitive Biases
  by Susana Celeste Azzollini, Alejandro César Cosentino, Sergio Héctor Azzara, Aldana Sol Grinhauz, and Hugo Simkin
  J. CS. 2023, 24(1), 103-134;
  Abstract Traditionally, the studies examining heuristics and biases in decision-making have used experimental designs to demonstrate violations of rationality. The objective of this study was to perform the replication of five classic cognitive biases with an alternative form of measurement. The problems and... [Read more].
  Abstract Traditionally, the studies examining heuristics and biases in decision-making have used experimental designs to demonstrate violations of rationality. The objective of this study was to perform the replication of five classic cognitive biases with an alternative form of measurement. The problems and the response scales were adapted from the experimental tasks performed by Stanovich and West (2008) to measure five cognitive biases: base-rate, conjunction, framing, anchoring, and outcome. It is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional experimental design. The set of problems was applied to a sample of 440 participants, 72% of women (M age = 21.3, SD = 4.05). The comparison of the average scores of each pair of problems yielded a response form compatible with the predictions inferred from the theory of cognitive biases. In addition, it was possible to replicate the results of the experimental procedures on which this study was based. Future research should aim to determine personal and situational variables associated with different thinking biases and to develop interventions for eliminating these biases, thus optimizing performance in areas where the cost of errors may be too high. [Collapse]
• What Does the Bibliometrics of an Interdisciplinary Field Tell Us?: The Case of Cognitive Science
  by Beril T. Arik and Engin Arik
  J. CS. 2023, 24(1), 135-156;
  Abstract This study investigated the bibliometric characteristics of an interdisciplinary field, Cognitive Science, which consists of contributions from diverse fields such as psychology, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, and anthropology, among others. The results showed that there were 4,711 publi... [Read more].
  Abstract This study investigated the bibliometric characteristics of an interdisciplinary field, Cognitive Science, which consists of contributions from diverse fields such as psychology, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, and anthropology, among others. The results showed that there were 4,711 publications in Web of Science between 1900 and 2017, with an exponential increase in the number of publications in recent years. About two-thirds of publications were classified as social science, of which 41% were in the field of psychology. Seventy percent of the publications were journal articles, half of the publications were written by researchers in the USA, and 95% of the publications were in English. Corpus analyses of abstracts and keywords showed that frequently used words included cognitive, science, research, theory, model, cognition, information, learning, and psychology. These analyses also showed that research in this field centered on the common themes of cognition, information, psychology, language, learning, representation, artificial intelligence, and mind before 2010 and focused on more restricted themes such as embodied and extended cognition, morality and religion, quantum, and music after 2010. [Collapse]