Journal

Volume 17, Issue 3 (September 30, 2016)

9 articles

• Cover for Vol. 17-3
  by -
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 0-0;
  Abstract Please find the attachment. [Read more].
  Abstract Please find the attachment. [Collapse]
• New books in Cognitive Science
  by -
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 0-0;
  Abstract Cain, M. J. 2015. The Philosophy of Cognitive Science. Cambridge: Polity.Carruthers, P. 2015. The centered mind: what the science of working memory shows us about the nature of human thought. OUP Oxford.Cassam. Q. 2014. Self-Knowledge for Humans. Oxford University PressJez... [Read more].
  Abstract Cain, M. J. 2015. The Philosophy of Cognitive Science. Cambridge: Polity.Carruthers, P. 2015. The centered mind: what the science of working memory shows us about the nature of human thought. OUP Oxford.Cassam. Q. 2014. Self-Knowledge for Humans. Oxford University PressJezek. E. 2016. The Lexicon: An Introduction. Oxford Textbooks in LinguisticsLee, C. 2016. Negation and polarity: Experimental perspectives. P. Larrivée (Ed.). Springer.Piccinini, G. 2015. Physical computation: A mechanistic account. OUP Oxford.Zeimbekis, J., & Raftopoulos, A. (Eds.). 2015. The Cognitive Penetrability of Perception: New Philosophical Perspectives. OUP Oxford. [Collapse]
• Introduction to the Special Edition on Language and Cognition
  by Sook Whan Cho
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 337-341;
  Abstract I am pleased to introduce this collection of scholarly articles focused on various issues concerning language and cognition. This edition is special in light of the fact that it bears on one of most important questions regarding the interface problems explored with respect to underlying knowledge as... [Read more].
  Abstract I am pleased to introduce this collection of scholarly articles focused on various issues concerning language and cognition. This edition is special in light of the fact that it bears on one of most important questions regarding the interface problems explored with respect to underlying knowledge as well as real-time interpretations. In particular, the papers published here address the theme of how speakers and hearers of various languages such as Cayuga, English, Japanese, and Korean interpret and structure morphological forms and categories in the real-time and underlying mechanisms, including bound morphemes associated with sub-syllabic units, verb modals, gender features, and numerical classifiers, on one hand, and free morphemes such as nouns and verbs, on the other. [Collapse]
• The role of subsyllabic units in the visual word recognition of Korean monosyllabic words: A masked priming study
  by Say Young Kim & Donald J. Bolger
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 343-359;
  Abstract Native speakers of Korean have been shown to prefer a left-branching body-coda subsyllabic structure over a right branching onset-rime structure when processing monosyllabic words in written language. However, counterarguments have been made that the highly transparent nature of Korean hangul provid... [Read more].
  Abstract Native speakers of Korean have been shown to prefer a left-branching body-coda subsyllabic structure over a right branching onset-rime structure when processing monosyllabic words in written language. However, counterarguments have been made that the highly transparent nature of Korean hangul provides no preference for larger subsyllabic units beyond the phoneme. A masked priming lexical decision experiment was conducted to determine whether this subsyllabic preference occurs for orthographic processing in Korean. C 1VC2 structured monosyllabic target words preceded by one of four different types of primes at a short prime duration (50 ms): body (C1VC), rime (CVC2), identical (C1VC2), and non-match (C2VC1). Both identical and body prime conditions elicited a significant priming effect as consistent with the leftbranching model in Korean. The present study provides converging evidence for a left-branching model of subsyllabic structure in visual word recognition in Korean using a masked priming paradigm. [Collapse]
• Gender Mismatches and Ellipsis in Cayuga
  by Michael Barrie
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 361-388;
  Abstract This paper discusses a kind of ellipsis in Cayuga (Northern Iroquoian) known as stripping. We show that while person, number and gender feature mismatches are generally tolerated in this construction, gender mismatches are not tolerated with most predicate nouns referring to humans. Merchant (2014) ... [Read more].
  Abstract This paper discusses a kind of ellipsis in Cayuga (Northern Iroquoian) known as stripping. We show that while person, number and gender feature mismatches are generally tolerated in this construction, gender mismatches are not tolerated with most predicate nouns referring to humans. Merchant (2014) discusses gender mismatches under ellipsis in Greek human nominals and proposes that certain human nouns are lexically encoded to presuppose the gender of their respective referents. We show that Merchant’s general proposal can be accommodated to the Cayuga facts, the specifics of his proposal cannot be carried over. We reject the lexicalist stance in Merchant’s proposal and instead propose that human noun roots in Cayuga carry an interpretable humanness feature [H], which is obligatorily valued for gender. It is this interpretable [H] feature that gives rise to the lack of tolerance for gender mismatches on human predicate nouns. [Collapse]
• The Predictive Processing of Korean Control Sentences
  by Jina Song & Hongoak Yun
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 389-422;
  Abstract The goal of this study is to investigate whether an antecedent for pro in Korean control sentences is predictively determined and if so, which constituent is preferred to be selected as an antecedent for pro. We manipulated the type of preverbal markers (i.e., control-creating markers, –keys or –la,... [Read more].
  Abstract The goal of this study is to investigate whether an antecedent for pro in Korean control sentences is predictively determined and if so, which constituent is preferred to be selected as an antecedent for pro. We manipulated the type of preverbal markers (i.e., control-creating markers, –keys or –la, and a control-neutral marker, -kes) and the type of control verbs (subject control verbs, object control verbs). Using a self-paced moving window reading task with a secondary judgment, we found that 1) reading times at control verbs were slower when preverbal markers (i.e., control-neutral markers) did not provide any particular semantic information on pro than when they (i.e., control-creating markers) cued semantic information on pro. 2) The words prior to control verbs took longer to read when the antecedent for pro corresponded to matrix subjects than matrix objects. 3) The rejection rates of sentences were higher from the position of control verbs when controlneutral markers were used and pro had to be co-indexed with matrix subjects than when control-creating markers were used and pro had to be co-indexed with matrix objects. Our results suggest that licensing of pro identity was predictively determined and matrix objects were preferred the antecedent for pro. Taken together, we claim that Korean readers actively and immediately use information from preverbal markers and control verbs associated with pro resolution.  [Collapse]
• A Processing-Based Account for the Preferred Ordering of the Korean Classifier Structures
  by Kum-Jeong Joo & Kitaek Kim
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 424-440;
  Abstract This study explores whether native Korean speakers have a preference between the two numeral classifier structures, N+NUM+CL and NUM+CLgen+N. According to Hawkins’s (2004) domain minimization account, the N+NUM+CL structure would be preferred over the NUM+CLgen+N structure because the former conside... [Read more].
  Abstract This study explores whether native Korean speakers have a preference between the two numeral classifier structures, N+NUM+CL and NUM+CLgen+N. According to Hawkins’s (2004) domain minimization account, the N+NUM+CL structure would be preferred over the NUM+CLgen+N structure because the former considerably has a bigger IC-toword ratio than the latter. To test this prediction, we conducted an experiment in which native Korean-speaking adults completed two acceptability judgment tasks, one written (n = 67) and one spoken (n = 46). The results of the two acceptability judgment tasks indicate that native Korean speakers prefer N+NUM+CL over NUM+CLgen+N, compatible with the prediction of the domain minimization account.  [Collapse]
• The Role of Categorical Information in Refutation Texts
  by Irini Skopeliti & Stella Vosniadou
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 441-468;
  Abstract In two experiments we investigated the hypotheses that a) the refutation of more than one alternative conception, and b) the inclusion of categorical information in a refutation text will facilitate elementary school children’s understanding of the scientific concept of the Earth. The results of the... [Read more].
  Abstract In two experiments we investigated the hypotheses that a) the refutation of more than one alternative conception, and b) the inclusion of categorical information in a refutation text will facilitate elementary school children’s understanding of the scientific concept of the Earth. The results of the first experiment showed no clear support of the first hypothesis but suggested that the inclusion of categorical information - information about the ontological category in which a concept belongs - is more effective than other kinds of information. The second experiment controlled for the amount of information and compared only the inclusion of categorical vs. non-categorical information in refutation and non-refutation texts. The results showed that the texts that included the categorical information improved children’s understanding of the scientific information more than all the other texts. This result needs to be replicated using more examples from other science domains. [Collapse]
• The Effect of Present Activity Verbs on Processing Structural Ambiguity in Japanese Garden-Path Sentences
  by Yoshie Yamamori
  J. CS. 2016, 17(3), 469-497;
  Abstract This paper addresses the semantics of the present form (known as the -ru form) of activity verbs in Japanese and examines the effect of these verbs in contrast to that of the inflected form (the -ta form). Garden-path sentences involving an ambiguity between a simple sentential reading and a relativ... [Read more].
  Abstract This paper addresses the semantics of the present form (known as the -ru form) of activity verbs in Japanese and examines the effect of these verbs in contrast to that of the inflected form (the -ta form). Garden-path sentences involving an ambiguity between a simple sentential reading and a relative clause reading generally show a preference for the former reading; when the preferred reading proves to be inconsistent with the correct reading of the sentence, the ensuing processing difficulty is known as the ‘garden-path effect.’ Interestingly, it has been observed that the effect is reduced in sentences that contain activity verbs in the present -ru form in the adnominal clause. One major problem that arises in the interpretation of the -ru form in subordinate clauses is that it is temporally ambiguous, and may be interpreted as belonging to the matrix clause instead. To date, no uniform analysis has been developed to characterize the semantic nature of the -ru form in subordinate clauses. This study will develop a semantics of the -ru form. The data revealed some interesting findings suggesting some logical characteristics of the -ru form. The results help to clarify how the semantic nature of the -ru form exerts an effect on the processing of garden-path sentences, and to show that, contrary to what had been assumed in the absence of semantic research into the embedding verb, the activity verbs ending in the -ru form extend the worlds against which a given proposition is evaluated, which has the effect of reducing the GP effect. [Collapse]